|
a) Yin and Yang
|
| b) Exterior and
Interior |
| c) Cold and
Heat |
| d) Empty and
Full |
|
| YIN
AND YANG |
| Yin
and Yang are familiar Chinese terms to Western ears, and it is a basic
TCM philosopy. All phenomena, natural and unnatural, are explained
in terms of this universal philosophy, they are mutually dependent
forces : one cannot exist without the other. The harmony within
the universe is maintained by the balance of this two opposing forces,
Yin and Yang. Everything in nature can be divided into Yin and
Yang. Everything is polarised and every cell in our body has a
positive and negative aspect. There are almost always opposites in
everything - hot & cold, empty & full, light & dark, life
& death. When Yin & Yang this balance is disturbed and
taken beyond a certain limit that disharmony occurs. |
| 1) The
typical unbalance Yang syndrome are-heat, fever without cold,
constipation, dark-coloured urine, loud voice, thirsty, yellow tongue
coating, red tongue body, and rapid pulse. |
| 2) The
typical Yin syndrome are - cold, no fever, feels cold, loose stools,
clear urine, low voice, not thirsty, white tongue coating, pale tongue
body, (small) thready pulse. |
| But
the clinic manifestations are complex and are difficult to be
generalised by only the Yin and Yang, so other six principles are needed
for the pattern identification. |
|
| EXTERIOR
AND INTERIOR |
| This
is to determine the location for the invasion of the pathogens into the
human body and to estimate the depth of the sickness. |
| 1)
Exterior Syndrome - The position of the disease is in the exterior, the
disease is in its initial stage and mild eg. Cold, Heat, Nasal
Discharge, Pulse Floating. |
| 2)
Interior Syndrome - Disease is in the interior. eg. Hot, Fever, Cough,
Pulse Sunken. |
| 3)
Exterior to Interior - Getting worse. eg. Shortness of breath, Poor
appetite, Loose stools, Abdominal pain and distension, Limb cold,
Diarrhoea. |
| 4)
Semi-Exterior & Semi-Interior - The main manifestations are
alternative appearance of cold and heat syndrome, fullness and
oppression in the hypochondrium. |
|
| COLD
AND HEAT |
| Refer
to the nature of the disease, then to identify whether the pathogens are
the Yin and Yang. The human body is in Yin and Yang deficiency. |
| 1)
Cold Syndrome - Caused by Yin pathogens or body Yang insufficiency. |
| 2)
Heat Syndrome - Caused by Yang pathogens or body Yin insufficiency. |
|
| DEFICIENCY
AND EXCESS |
| Deficiency
- Body qi insufficiency. Insufficient blood. Yang to Yin. |
| Excessive
Syndrome - Indicate the pathogens are stronger. |
|
